5. Differentiate halpontic and diplontic life cycle.
| Haplontic life cycle | Diplontic life cycle |
| Gametophytic phase is dominant, photosynthetic and independent. | Sporophytic phase (2n) is dominant, photosynthetic and independent. |
| Zygote undergoes meiosis to restore haploid conditions | The gametes fuse to form zygote to restore sporophytic condition |
| Eg: Volvox | Eg: Fucus |
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6. What is plectostele? give example.
1.It is a stele subgroup where Xylem is surrounded by phloem
2. In this condition xylem plates alternate with phloem plates.eg. Lycopodium clavatum
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7. What do you infer from the term pycnoxylic?
Secondary growth is also traced in gymnosperms, E.g. Cycas and Pinus.
The wood may be compact with narrow medullary ray this condition known as Pycnoxylic seen in Pinus.
It is opposite to Manoxylic condition which is seen in Cycas
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8. Mention two characters shared by gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Plant body differentiated into roots, stem and leaves.
Both Plant groups produce seeds.
Presence of eustele
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9. Do you think shape of chloroplast is unique for algae. Justify your answer?
Variation among the shape of the chloroplast is found in members of Algae.
| Chlamydomonas | Cup shaped |
| Chara | Discoidal |
| Ulothrix | Girdle shaped |
| Oedogonium | Reticulate |
| Spirogyra | Spiral |
| Zygnema | Stellate |
| Mougeoutia | Plate like |
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10. Do you agree with the statement ‘Bryophytes need water for fertilization’? Justify your answer.
 |
| Bryophytes |
Yes.
The anthredia produces biflagellate anthrozoids which swims in thin film of water and reach the archegonium and fuse with the egg to form diploid zygote.
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