6. Draw and label the parts of regions of root.
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7. Write the similarities and differences between
1. Radical buds and foliar buds
Similarities: Radical buds and foliar buds are adventitious buds (Buds arising at any part other than stem)
Differences:
| Radical buds | Foliar buds |
| They arises from the lateral roots which grow into plantlets | They grow on leaves from veins or from margins of the leaves |
| Ex: Millingtonia | Ex: Begonia, Bryophyllum |
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2. Phylloclade and cladode
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Similarities: Both are green, flattened and cylindrical modified stems.
Differences:
| Phylloclade | Cladode |
| Consisting of a series of nodes and inter nodes at long or short intervals | Similar to phylloclade but with one or two internodes only |
| Leaves are modified into spines. | They bear buds scales and flowers. |
| Eg: Opuntia, Casuarina | Eg: Asparagus, Ruscus |
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8. How root climbers differ from stem climbers?
| Root Climbers | Stem Climbers |
| Plants climbing with the help of adventitious roots (arising from nodes) | These climbers lack specialised structure for climbing and the stem itself coils around the support. |
| Eg: Piperbetal, Piper nigrum | Eg: Ipomoea, Clitoria |
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9. Compare sympodial branching with monopodial branching.
| Sympodial | Monopodial |
| Terminal bud ceases to grow and further growth by lateral buds. | Terminal bud grows uninterrupted and produce several lateral branches. |
| Eg. Cycas | Eg.Polyalthia |
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10. Differentiate pinnate unicostate with palmate multicostate venation
| Pinnately Reticulate | Palmately Reticulate |
| Pinnately parallel | Palmately parallel |
| Unicostate | Multicostate |
| This type of venation there is only one midrib in the centre which forms many lateral branches to form a network. | In this type several veins arise from the tip of the petiole and they all run parallel to each other and unite at the apex |
| Eg. Mangifera indica | Eg. Cucurbita |
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