Answer the following in brief :
1. What do you mean by the term 'density of population'?
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Density of population refers to the number of people living per square kilometre.
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2. What is 'black death'?
The black death is estimated to have killed 30-60 percent of Europe's total population during the 14th century.
The dominant explanation for black death is attributed to the outbreak of plague.
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3. Define.
i) Population growth
ii) Census
iii) Sustainable Development.
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| Population growth |
i) Population growth
Population growth refers to an increase in the number of people who reside in a particular area during a particular period.
ii) Census
Census is an official enumeration of population carried out periodically.
It records information about the characteristics of population such as age, sex, literacy and occupation.
iii) Sustainable Development.
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs".
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Distinguish the following:
1.Primary activities and Secondary
activities
| Primary activities | Secondary activities |
| Primary activities means extraction of raw materials from the earth's surface. | Secondary activities transform raw materials into finished goods |
| food gathering, hunting,fishing | Iron and steel industries,automobile manufacturing. |
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Answer in a paragraph:
1. Explain the factors affecting the
distribution of population.
Population distribution refers to the way in which people are spread out across the earth's surface.
The world population is not uniformly distributed.
The Factors affecting the distribution of population are.
a)Physical factors
b)Historical factors
c)Economic factors
a) Physical Factors
Temperature, rainfall, soil, relief, water, natural vegetation, distribution of minerals and availability of energy resources are Physical factor of population distribution.
b) Historical Factors
Regions with historical importance (river valley civilizations), war, constant invasions are the Historical factors of population distribution.
c) Economic Factors
Educational institutions, employment opportunities, manufacturing industries, luxurious amenities, trade and commerce and other facilities are the Economic factors of population distribution. There Economic factors encourage dense population in an area.
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2. Describe the patterns of rural settlement with neat diagrams.
Any settlement where most of the people are engaged in primary activities like agriculture, forestry, mining and fishery is known as a "rural settlement".
PATTERNS OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS:
The patterns are
Rectangular,Linear,Circular (Semi circular),Star shaped,Triangular,(T,Y, Cross shaped),Nebular
Rectangular Pattern:
The are found in plain areas or valleys.
The roads are rectangular and cut each other at right angles.
Linear Pattern:
The houses are located along a road, railway line, along the edge of the river valley or a levee.
Circular Pattern (Semicircular):
It is found around the lakes, ponds and sea coasts.
Star shaped pattern:
The houses are spread out along the sides of roads (metalled or unmetalled) in all directions.
Triangular Pattern:
It is generally developed at the confluence of rivers.
Cruciform settlements develop on the cross-roads that extend in all four directions.
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