9th Geography Chapter5

Answer the following in brief 

1. What is Biosphere? 

1. Biosphere is the life supporting layer

2. It contains lithosphere Hydrosphere And Atmosphere

3.From ocean floor to troposphere its vertical range is approximately 20km.

4.It includes all the plants and animals

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2. What is an ecosystem? 

Artificial ecosystem

1.An ecosystem is a community, where all living organisms live and interact with one another and also with their non-living environment such as land, soil, air, water etc.

2.Ecosystems range in size from the smallest units (Eg: bark of a tree) to larger units (Eg: Pond ecosystem, Forest ecosystem, Desert ecosystem etc.)

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3. What does the term ‘biodiversity’ mean? 

Wide variety of plants and animals that live in a region is called biodiversity

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4. What is meant by loss of biodiversity?

The extinction Plants and animals due to natural disaster and man made activity is called loss of biodiversity.

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5. Mention the various terrestrial biomes

Terrestrial biomes is a group of living organisms that live and interact with one another on land.

Some of the major terrestrial biomes of the world are

1. Tropical Forest

2. Desert

3. Tropical Savanna

4. Tundra

5. Temperate Grassland

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Give reasons for the following 

1. Producers are also called autotrophs. 

1.Producers are self nourishing components of the ecosystem.

2.Hence they are called autotrophs

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2. Biosphere provides a stable ecosystem.

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Distinguish between the following 

1. Producers and Decomposers. 

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2. Terrestrial biomes and Aquatic biomes.

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3. Tropical vegetation and Desert vegetation 

Tropical vegetation 

Desert vegetation 

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4. Savannas and Tundra

Tundra

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Answer the following in a paragraph

 
1. Explain the various components of ecosystem. 

Abiotic components

An ecosystem consists of three basic components, namely

a) Abiotic Components

b) Biotic Components

c) Energy components

a) Abiotic components

Abiotic components include the non-living, inorganic, physical and chemical factors in the environment. Eg. Land, Air, Water, Calcium, Iron etc.

b) Biotic components

Biotic components include plants, animals and micro organisms.

Biotic components can be classified into three categories:

1)Producers

2)Consumers and 

3)Decomposers.

1.Producers are self nourishing components of the ecosystem. Hence they are called Autotrophs.They are found both on land and water. Eg. Plants, Algae, Bacteria etc. 

2.Consumers are those that depend on producers, directly or indirectly. Hence they are called Heterotrophs.

3.Decomposers are some organisms that are incapable of preparing its own food. They live on dead and decaying plants and animals. Hence they are called Saprotrophs.

c) Energy Components

1.All organisms in the biosphere use energy to work and convert one form of energy into another.

2.The Sun is the ultimate source of energy for the biosphere as a whole.

3.The producers, consumers and the decomposers contribute a lot to the energy flow

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2. Write a paragraph on the functions of an ecosystem. 

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3. Explain about the aquatic biomes on Earth.

Aquatic biomes:

1.A group of living organisms that live and interact with one another and its aquatic environment for nutrients and shelter is an "Aquatic Biomes".

2.Aquatic biomes are influenced by a series of a biotic factors.

3.There are two classification 

i) Fresh water Biomes and

ii) Marine Biomes

Fresh water Biomes

1.This comprises Lakes, Ponds, rivers, streams and wetlands.

2.Common plants found: Lily, Lotus, duck weeds

3.Common animals found: Trout, Salmon, turtles, Crocodiles

Marine Biomes

1.Marine Biomes, the largest biomes on earth, are continuous bodies of salt water and provide a wide range of habitats for marine plants and animals.

2.Coral reefs are a second kind of marine biomes.

3.Plants such as kelp, algae, Phytoplankton grow in water.

4.Humans use aquatic biomes for water, food and leisure activities. 

5.Some of the threats and issues:Overfishing, Pollution, rise in the Sea

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