Answer briefly
1. How do atoms attain Noble gas electronic configuration?
Atoms of all elements, other than inert gases, combine to form molecules because they have incomplete valence shell and tend to attain a stable electronic configuration similar to noble gases.
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2. NaCl is insoluble in carbon tetrachloride but soluble in water. Give reason.
1.NaCl is an ionic compound. Ionic compounds are soluble in polar solvents like water and insoluble in non polar solvents.
2. Hence, NaCl is insoluble in carbon tetrachloride but soluble in water.
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3. Explain Octet rule with an example.
1. The tendency of atoms to have eight electrons in the valence shell is known as the 'Octet rule' or the 'Rule of eight'.
2. For example, Sodium with atomic number 11 will readily loss one electron to attain Neon's stable electronic configuration
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4. Write a note on different types on bonds.
i. Ionic or Electrovalent bond:
An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions.
ii. Covalent bond:
Bond formed between atoms by the mutual sharing of electrons.
iii. Coordinate covalent bond:
In some compounds the formation of a covalent bond between two atoms takes place by the sharing of two electrons, both of which comes from only one of the combining atoms. This bond is called Coordinate covalent bond or Dative bond.
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5. Correct the wrong statements.
a. Ionic compounds dissolve in non polar solvents.
b. Covalent compounds conduct electricity in molten or solution state.
Answer:
a)Ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents.
b) Ionic compounds conduct electricity in molten or solution state.
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Answer in detail
1. List down the differences between Ionic and Covalent compounds.
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2. Give an example for each of the following statements.
a. A compound in which two Covalent bonds are formed.
b. A compound in which one ionic bond is formed.
c. A compound in which two Covalent and one Coordinate bonds are formed.
d. A compound in which three covalent bonds are formed.
e. A compound in which coordinate bond is formed.
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3. Identify the incorrect statement and correct them.
a. Like covalent compounds, coordinate compounds also contain charged particles (ions). So they are good conductors of electricity.
b. Ionic bond is a weak bond when compared to Hydrogen bond.
c. Ionic or electrovalent bonds are formed by mutual sharing of electrons between atoms.
d. Loss of electrons is called Oxidation and gain of electron is called Reduction.
e. The electrons which are not involved in bonding are called valence electrons.
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4. Discuss in brief about the properties of coordinate covalent compounds.
These compounds exist as gases, liquids or solids.
They do not contain charged particles (ions), so they are bad conductors of electricity.
They have higher melting and boiling points than purely covalent compounds but lower than purely Ionic compounds.
d.Solubility:
Insoluble in polar solvents like water but are soluble in non polar solvents like benzene.
e. Reactions:
They undergo slow molecular reactions.
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5. Find the oxidation number of the elements in the following compounds.
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