5. What is the role of national gardens in
conserving biodiversity – discuss
Gardens with aesthetic value attracts visitors.
Eg: The Great Banyan Tree (Ficus benghalensis) in the Indian Botanical Garden at Kolkata.
1. Gardens have a wide range of species and supply taxonomic material for botanical research.
2. Garden is used for self-instruction or demonstration purposes.
3. It can integrate information of diverse fields like Anatomy, Embryology, Phytochemistry, Cytology, Physiology and Ecology.
4. Act as a conservation centre for diversity, rare and endangered species.
5. It offers annual list of available species and a free exchange of seeds.
6. It gives information about method of propagation, sale of plant material to the general public
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6. Where will you place the plants which contain two cotyledons with cup shaped thalamus?
Class: Dicotyledonae
Sub-class: Polypetalae
Series: Calyciflorae
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7. Write any five economic importance of
family Fabaceae.
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8. How will you distinguish Solanaceae
members from Liliaceae members?
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| Solanaceae |
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9. Write the botanical description of
Datura metal
Habit: Large, erect, stout herb
Root: Branched tap root system
Stem:Hollow, green and herbaceous with strong odour.
Leaf: Simple, alternate, petiolate, entire or deeply lobed, glabrous exstipulate showing unicostate reticulate venation
Inflorescence: Solitary and Axillary cyme
Flower: large, greenish white, bracteate, ebracteolate, pedicellate, complete, heterochlamydeous, pentamerous, regular, actinomorphic, bisexual and hypogynous.
Calyx: Mostly persistent, 5 sepals, green synsepalous Valvate aestivation persistant
Corolla: 5 petals, greenish white, sympetalous, plicate showing twisted aestivation, funnel shaped with wide mouth and 10 lobed
Androecium: 5 stamens, epipetalous, alternipetalous
Anther: dithecous, basifixed, longitudinal dehiscent.
Gynoecium: Superior, bicarpellary, bilocular
Ovary: syncarpous basically bilocular later become tetralocular due to the formation of false septum. Carpels are obliquely placed ovules on swollen axile placentation
Style: simple long filiform
Stigma: two lobed.
Fruit: Spinescent capsule opening by four apical valves persistent calyx
Seed: Endospermous
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10. Write the botanical description of
Allium cepa.
Habit: Perennial herb with bulb
Root: Fibrous adventitious root system
Stem: Underground bulb
Leaf: Radical leaves, cylindrical fleshy having sheathy leaf bases with parallel venation.
Inflorescence Scapigerous: Arising from the ground bearing a cluster of flowers at its apex. pedicels of equal length, arising from the apex of peduncle. It brings all flowers at the same level.
Flower: Small, white, bracteate, ebracteolate, pedicellate, complete, trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous. Flowers are Protandrous.
Perianth: 6 Tepals, white, arranged in 2 whorls of 3 each
Androecium: 6 stamens in a 2 whorls of 3 each epitepalous, apostamenous
Anther: Dithecous, basifixed, introse and dehiscing longitudinally.
Gynoecium: Ovary superior, tricarpellary, trilocular 2 ovules in each locule on axile placentation.
Style: simple, slender with simple stigma.
Fruit: a loculicidal capsule
Seed: Endospermous
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